A Civil Engineering Thesis On The Analysis Of Trip Generation - 4400 Words

A Civil Engineering Thesis On The Analysis Of Trip Generation (Thesis Sample) Content: CIVIL ENGINEERING THESIS By Name Course Instructor Institution Location Date Table of Contents TOC \o "1-3" \h \z \u Introduction PAGEREF _Toc521880687 \h 2Existing knowledge of congestion PAGEREF _Toc521880688 \h 5Research, Aims, and Objectives PAGEREF _Toc521880689 \h 6Project Scope PAGEREF _Toc521880690 \h 6Structure of Thesis PAGEREF _Toc521880691 \h 7LITERATURE REVIEW PAGEREF _Toc521880692 \h 8Impact of Traffic Congestion – (Economy and accidents) PAGEREF _Toc521880693 \h 8Financial Implications PAGEREF _Toc521880694 \h 9Environmental Implications PAGEREF _Toc521880695 \h 10Strategies to Solve Congestion PAGEREF _Toc521880696 \h 10How SIDRA can help Congestion PAGEREF _Toc521880697 \h 12Computer Simulation as an Analytical Tool PAGEREF _Toc521880698 \h 13SIDRA Intersection Modelling PAGEREF _Toc521880699 \h 14Microsimulation related studies PAGEREF _Toc521880700 \h 15Traffic Modelling and Microsimulation PAGEREF _Toc521880701 \h 16References PAGEREF _Toc521880702 \h 17 Introduction Traffic Impact Analysis (TIA) is a vital part in transportation to understand the information to determine and judge the movement for upcoming road development (Wagner, 2010). One of the major problems on the roads is traffic congestion. Traffic congestion can result in many hazards and problems, these including delayed travel time which leads to economic costs, air pollutions due to the vehicle are stopping and going, and this can also lead to accidents (Bhatta, 2010). If major traffic congestion is found, drivers will intend to look for alternative routes to reach their destination; this could lead to congestion on side roads, one lane closure and slip lane queues extending to the main road. This is resulting in a delay of movement of goods and services come to the market. It can also affect the fuel consumption budget of the motoristsCITATION Nat14 \p 654 \l 1033 (Australia, 2014, p. 654). For when the vehicle in the traffic jam, the engine consumes fuel, and that is a wastage of fuel for it was not intended for that purpose. In case a road is broad in on end while there is the narrow end, it can result in slow movement of automobiles when they reach the area. It can happen another the road is closed one lane for utility works, thus creating traffic congestion. The complete closure of one road makes the nearby road to be used alternatively by motorists that leads to traffic congestion on that road. It may inconvenience the motorists and the pedestrians using the same roadway (Rao, 2012). The Traffic Impact Analysis is (TIA) is the tool that utilized to ensure development effects are properly mitigated Tonsley Precinct grows in quite manageable and sustainable way. Tonsley Precinct Impact Analysis will be used to make knowledgeable decisions concerning preliminary plat, rezoning, site plan, and for particular important applications (Glasson and Therivel, 2013). The Traffic Impact Analysis will safeguard Tonsley is capable of: Identifying in advance whichever potential contrary effects to the current transportation network; guarantee adequate measures are provided for the intended development. Assisting in private and public sector entities in the timely identification of traffic operations related issues, including but not restricted to traffic signals, access locations, and extra factors facilitating transportation. Supporting long-term design solutions which foster in control advance of transportation set-up stable with the Comprehensive Plan of the local government and community visionCITATION Col15 \p 82 \l 1033 (Buchanan, 2015, p. 82). Traffic impact analyses are becoming more popular to pre-develop current and future scenarios for the transportation network, this helps improve the flow and infrastructure. A new pre-developed structure such as commercial, institution, shopping centres and any new usage of land need TIA to predict what the traffic flow would be. Typically, in realistic environment traffic flow vary by the time within the day, using the surrounding areas traffic volume TIA can be used to predict future impact analysis for the development area. Flinders University has invested in the Tonsley Innovation District which aims to operate a learning environment, commercial buildings, and a residential property development. The residential development is called the Tonsley Precinct it is located 11.8 km from Adelaide CBD and 6 minutes' drive from Marion shopping centre. It is the main attraction in the Tonsley innovation district, and this village offers a 21st century modern way of living. The land size is approximately 11 hectares, and it is projected to accommodate around 850 homes and 1,200 residents. Tonsley innovation also has a high commercial and educational useCITATION Alb15 \p 873 \l 1033 (Bull, 2015, p. 873). The research method was profound by the literature review and the guidance of this thesis supervisor. The aims will be presented and addressed throughout this thesis. The research procedure includes getting the SCAT details for each of the corresponding intersections, second to use SIDRA intersection to construct a model for all corresponding intersections and run SIDRA to find the worst scenarios and traffic management to suit the best design and to develop a model on the software Infra Works. Fig 1: Tonsley innovation area Figure 1 shows the Tonsley innovation area and the square that is shown is where the Tonsley Precinct will take place. This report objective is to traffic analyse and manage the roads that will be contained within the precinct and the connection to major outer roads. The proper understanding of this development needs to be acknowledged, if the purpose of this development isn't considered, then the resolution of producing an economical, environmental friendly design would not be satisfied. It is a fact when a new development is underway there would be new traffic generated which will cause a volume increase to the surrounding routes and new routesCITATION Ant13 \p 71 \l 1033 (Downs, 2013, p. 71). Existing knowledge of congestion The traffic congestion at Tonsley has been a big problem for commuters. It is frustrating for a commuter to spend unexpected more time on the road which can lead to time lose. Road network and public transport have failed to keep pace with the progressing growth in the economy in this vicinity. Using motor vehicles has caused many passengers to spend more time in the traffic jam because it slows the efficient movement of vehiclesCITATION Ste11 \p 782 \l 1033 (Ison, 2011, p. 782). These are the causes of traffic congestion in Tonsley precinct: A great number of cars on the roadways resulting in insufficient mass movement possibilities or other motives. Blockage and merger caused by the obstacles on the roads which can result from any of the following: Works on the road, an accident, narrowing down of the road, closure of the lane because of utility works or double parking. Other causes of traffic congestion in Tonsley precinct include occasional malfunctioning of the traffic lights. Lack of sufficient green time. Too many pedestrians are crossing not allowing cars to move or turn. Many trucks on the road resulting to insufficient rail freight prospects. Overdevelopment in this region with an already overcrowded transit system and insufficient road system. Unreliable travel time. Too many traffic checks on the roads. The blame of traffic congestion is laid on the drivers, traffic official, the ministry of transport and pedestrians. Sometimes the drivers continue using private cars even when the public transport is the right choice. The reason being people tend to what is sensible for them. Not only that but also aggressive drivers who want to overtake or overlap. Furthermore, the department of traffic is blamed for intentionally making Traffic lights without considering enough time for either green or red which are automatically working. Sometimes the traffic officers may stop the motor vehicle near school zones for children to cross the road while the traffic light is green and that reduces that can lead to traffic congestion. However, the ministry of transport is blamed when it does not have long-term plans for every road. The ministry of transport is to increase road capacity as the motorists’ increase so that to avoid traffic congestions. Even some roads have been widened, but unnecess ary roundabouts can lead to slow transitCITATION Eud11 \p 720 \l 1033 (Jane, 2011, p. 720). Research, Aims, and Objectives The main aim of this research is to investigate and analyse the impact of traffic on the Adelaide Tonsley precinct. In order to achieve the main aim of the research, various specific objectives were set to assist in the achievement of the main aim. Some of them include; Analysis of the trip generation, estimation of time per trip queue, and to analyse the traffic management. Project Scope This project is carefully crafted to cover the impact of traffic on the Adelaide Tonsley precinct. The research strictly focusses on the topic of the research such as to determine the causes of traffic congestion in Adelaide Tonsley precinct, the financial and environmental implications of traffic and what are the solutions to the traffic congestion. Various techniques will be used that relate to the study of traffic such as the use of SIDRA. With that, the research is tied to using the materials that relate directly to the topic of the research. Structure of Thesis This thesis contains the following chapters. Introduction; which introduces the dissertation to the reader and it contains a summary of the entire paper. In this chapter, there are aims and objectives of the research, significance of the research, the scope of the research and the research. Literature review; this chapter reviews the various studies that have been conducted by various scholars regarding the impact of traffic on the Adelaide Tonsley precinct are r...

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Transcriptomic And Cell Morphological Profiles - 886 Words

Step I: At this step, we use LINCS online resources to provide transcriptomic and cell morphological profiles of drugs and small compound molecules as a back-end data for our proposed pipeline. Step II: Mapping the query transcriptomic profile against the LINCS repository. We compare the query signature of expressions for Landmark Genes measured by L1000 assay and the reference transcriptomic profiles to find the drugs and small compound molecules that can potentially mimic the gene expression pattern of the query. Step III: Assessing the enrichment of genes and cell morphological phenotypes. We apply cell morphology enrichment analysis to identify genes that are likely to impact cell morphology features, and produce a set of†¦show more content†¦\textit{CellProfiler} software was applied to process images and calculate samples aggregation for features in response to a compound treatment \cite{40}. Gene expression profiles for drug perturbations were obtained from the lincscloud.org, and the strongest signatures were selected based on the meta-data \cite{4}. The expression signatures represent the expression values for 978 landmark genes upon treatment with compound molecules. The direction of regulation for each landmark gene was assigned based on the comparison of expression level in response to the treatment with a compound and DMSO \cite{4}. We marked the drugs and small compound molecules in the intersection of transcriptomic and cell morphological profiles, and collectively, transcriptomic ($T$) and cell morphological ($C$) profiles of 9515 drugs and small compound molecules were provided as a back-end data for our proposed pipeline. Finally, we standardized the transcriptomic and cell morphological profiles via \textit{unitization with zero minimum} ($\frac{x-minimum}{range}$), where $x$ is a non-missing values in a vector of numerical values representing changes of a variable. \begin{eqnarray*} T\hspace{50pt} \hspace{10pt}C \\ \begin{bmatrix} t_{1,1} \cdots \ t_{1,978} \\ \vdots \ddots \ \vdots \\ t_{9515,1} \ \cdots t_{9515,978} \end{bmatrix} , \begin{bmatrix} C_{1,1} \cdots \ C_{1,812} \\ \vdots \ddots \ \vdots \\ C_{9515,1} \ \cdots t_{812,978} \end{bmatrix}Show MoreRelatedEssay On Cell Morphology1260 Words   |  6 Pageschanges in response to perturbations with alterations in cell morphological features. The proposed approach for cell morphology enrichment analysis is composed of five main steps which we briefly describe here, illustrate in Figure 1, and discuss in detail in the rest of the Materials and Methods section. \begin{figure*}[t] \begin{center} \includegraphics[width=0.8\textwidth]{Figure1.png} \end{center} \caption{Overview of the proposed approach for cell morphology enrichment analysis. The input data areRead MoreImplementation Analysis : Cell Morphological Enrichment Analysis1665 Words   |  7 Pagesan R package, called \textit{CMEA} (Cell Morphological Enrichment Analysis). \textit{CMEA} is available through the Bioconductor repository (https://github.com/isarnassiri/CMEA). The \textit{qgraph} package is used for visualization of results. All analysis was performed using the computing environment R (R version 3.3.1) \cite{26}. \section{RESULTS} \subsection{Validation} \subsection{Modeling of cell morphological features based on the transcriptomic profile} We applied the least absolute shrinkageRead MoreWhat Is Canonical Correlation Analysis1139 Words   |  5 Pages LASSO-based predictions outperformed predictions based on Canonical correlation analysis (CCA) and modeling of changes in $CM$ features of a query based on means of $CM$ profiles of similar drugs (MEAN) as alternative methods, and was able to model multivariate responses where the sample size was smaller than the total number of variables (Table 1) (Supplementary Figures 1-23) \cite{27}. The full results of these assessments can be seen in Supplementary Tables 1. We took a random sample of size

Challenges Of Cyber Security In Businesses †MyAssignmenthelp.com

Question: Discuss about the Challenges Of Cyber Security In Businesses. Answer: Reflective Report I increased my knowledge regarding challenges of cyber security in businesses from this research study. I learned about the research aims and objective of that will be effective to accomplish the research in an effective way. I analyzed that the primary aim of this research is to identify and evaluate certain cyber security challenges for businesses in Australia. Furthermore, I gained my knowledge towards the research justification that will be supportive to identify the rationality of research in an effective manner (Flick, 2015). It will support to identify the motivation of this research systematically. Cyber security is a technical procedure and implementations which is designed to secure personal computers together with their components from damages. In addition, I also learned that it is accountable to protect the software of computers, computer network, hardware devises, computer data, and programmes from the unauthorized workers from being damaged. I also gained my understanding about the significance of project in long-run. At the same time, I created conceptual understanding towards the research issues in an appropriate manner. There are different types of cyber security risk such as Cyber Thefts, Malware and Vectors Risks, and Cyber Espionage (Gunes, eta l., 2014). In addition to this, I also gained my understanding about some additional risk such as insecure passwords, computer sabotage, clickjacking, tampering, and insider threats. In addition to this, I deeply enhanced my knowledge towards the Cyber thefts that would be a primary issue for an organization. Cyber thefts turn around the stealing of company data, especially financial data. A large number of organizations were faced such kinds of issues that declined the financial performance (Katal, et al., 2013). Along with this, I also gained my knowledge about Cyber Espionage that is another kind of cyber security risk that will also be a negative impact on the performance of an organization. The Cyber Espionage is related to application of computers and internet to address the confidential data of company by unauthorized people that will create a complexity in a corporate. In addition, it can be said that the cyber espionage is presently being executed by a large number of unauthorized workers to obtain unauthorized data which will be used to blackmail to the company (Mackey, et al., 2015). Along with this, I also learned that the Cyber criminals improve their techniques by internet and computer attack with some additional devices named malware. In addition, I increased my knowledge about the malware technique that enabled the people to address unauthorized information on computers and internet. It is classified into certain parts such as worms, ransomware, Trojans, spyware, and viruses. At the same time, it can be said that such kinds of information can be effective to improve my professional life in long-term. It will be also beneficial to successfully deal with such kind of issues in long-term in a systematic way. From this research, I learned about research question and hypothesis that will be necessary for identifying the research issue (Sadeghi, et al., 2015). At the same time, I understood about two kinds of research questions named primary and secondary questions. The primary questions are based on statistical data while the secondary questions are based on theoretical data. Along with this, both primary and secondary data collection methods plays an imperative role in the research due to collecting the data in a specified time. In addition to this, I also learned about the research methodology that will be significant to identify the tools and techniques to accomplish the research task in an appropriate manner. From the research methodology, I gained my knowledge towards four kinds of factors such as qualitative research method, research method validity, sampling method, and data collection method (Scully, 2014). I understood that the qualitative research method is used to collect the data from the survey, observation, and interview method. At the same time, it can be said that the qualitative research method can be significant to obtain the reliable result in an appropriate manner. Along with this, I also learned that the qualitative research can gain the understanding about the research dilemma. I increased my knowledge towards the research method validity that can be effective to measure accuracy of this research. It would be significant to improve my professional as well as personal life (Silverman, 2016). In addition to this, I also learned about sampling method that will be effective to improve my research skills in an appropriate manner. There are two kinds of sampling methods such as probability sampling and non-probability sampling method. Additionally, both sampling methods were significant in the research. The non-probability sampling method selects participant on the basis of certain factors such as age, gender, education, experience, and skill. It can create partiality in the research during the selection of respondents to accomplish the task of research in an appropriate manner. In this research, probability sampling method is useful because the research is subjective in nature while the non-probability sampling method is used in case the research dilemma is objective in nature. The probability sampling method is useful because it mitigates the biases from the research in a systematic way. The probability sampling method offers an equal chance to participants for reacting on the survey through a questionnaire (Taylor, et al., 2015). It includes random sampling method to select the respondents in an appropriate manner. Moreover, I increased my knowledge towards the probability sampling method in depth that was effective to boost my research skills and developed that capability to select the participants to collect the information about a research problem. Along with this, I also improved my knowledge regarding data collection methods such as primary data collection method and secondary data collection method. The primary data collection method is important to obtain fresh or new data systematically. There are different sources that can be used to collect the primary data like observation, survey, and questionnaire (Tonge, et al., 2013). At the same time, I also created my knowledge towards the secondary data collection methods like company websites, academic journals, textbook, online and offline sources, and magazine. Moreover, the secondary data collection method is fully relied on the primary data. The underst anding about the data collection method can be helpful for increased the additional research skills and groom my personality because of enhancement of the knowledge in a systematic manner (Yan, et al., 2013). I also gained my awareness about the research limitation that will be appropriate to perform the research in an appropriate manner in long-run. Along with this, I learned that there are some significant factors that are considered in the research limitation such as lack of funds, respondents are failed to react on the questionnaire, participants are not capable to provide an accurate response and an unspecified time (Taylor, et al., 2015). In addition to this, I also created my understanding about the research plan along with importance of the research plan. Additionally, it can be said that Gantt chart is also effective to estimate the time for completion of the research. I gained depth knowledge regarding Gantt chart that will support to improve my timemanagement skills in an appropriate manner. Thetime management can be significant to accomplish the task in less time and cost (Tonge, et al., 2013). References Flick, U. (2015)Introducing research methodology: A beginner's guide to doing a research project, USA: Sage. Gunes, V., Peter, S., Givargis, T., and Vahid, F. (2014) A survey of concepts, applications, and challenges in cyber-physical systems.TIIS,8(12), pp. 4242-4268. Katal, A., Wazid, M., and Goudar, R. H. (2013) Big data: issues, challenges, tools and good practices, InContemporary Computing (IC3), 2013 Sixth International Conference on(pp. 404-409). IEEE. Mackey, A., and Gass, S. M. (2015)Second language research: Methodology and design, UK: Routledge. Sadeghi, A. R., Wachsmann, C., and Waidner, M. (2015) Security and privacy challenges in the industrial internet of things, InDesign Automation Conference (DAC), 2015 52nd ACM/EDAC/IEEE(pp. 1-6). IEEE. Scully, T. (2014) The cyber security threat stops in the boardroom,Journal of business continuity and emergency planning,7(2), pp. 138-148. Silverman, D. (Ed.). (2016).Qualitative research, USA: Sage. Taylor, S. J., Bogdan, R., and DeVault, M. (2015)Introduction to qualitative research methods: A guidebook and resource, USA: John Wiley and Sons. Tonge, A. M., Kasture, S. S., and Chaudhari, S. R. (2013) Cyber security: challenges for society-literature revie,IOSR Journal of Computer Engineering,2(12), pp. 67-75. Yan, Y., Qian, Y., Sharif, H., and Tipper, D. (2013) A survey on smart grid communication infrastructures: Motivations, requirements and challenges,IEEE communications surveys and tutorials,15(1), pp. 5-20.